عَنْ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَبِي مُوسَى الأَشْعَريِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعَثَهُ إِلَى اليَمَنِ، فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ أَشْرِبَةٍ تُصْنَعُ بِهَا، فَقَالَ: وَمَا هِيَ؟، قَالَ: «البِتْعُ وَالمِزْرُ»، فَقِيلَ لِأَبِي بُرْدَةَ: مَا البِتْعُ؟ قَالَ: نَبِيذُ العَسَلِ، وَالمِزْرُ: نَبِيذُ الشَّعِيرِ، فَقَالَ: «كُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ حَرَامٌ» خرجه البخاري. وَخَرَّجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ وَلَفْظُهُ: قَالَ: بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اَلله أَنَا وَمُعَاذٌ إِلَى اَليَمَنِ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ! إِنَّ شَرَابًا يُصْنَعُ بِأَرْضِنَا يُقَال لَهُ: المِزَرُ مِنَ الشَّعِيرِ، وَشَرَابٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ: البِتْعُ مِنَ العَسَلِ، فَقَالَ: «كُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ حَرَامٌ». وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لِمُسْلِمٍ: «فَقَالَ: كُلُّ مَا أَسْكَرَ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فَهُوَ حَرَامٌ». وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لَهُ: «وَكَانَ رَسُولُ الله قَدْ أُعْطِيَ جَوَامِعَ الكَلِمِ بِخَوَاتِمِهِ، فَقَالَ: أَنْهَى عَنْ كُلِّ مُسْكِرٍ أَسْكَرَ عَنْ الصَّلَاةِ».
Kutoka kwa Abuu Buraida, kutoka kwa baba yake kutoka kwa Abuu Musa A-Ash'ari radhi za Mwenyezi Mungu ziwe juu yake: Ya kwamba Mtume rehema na amani ziwe juu yake alimtuma kwenda Yemen, akamuuliza kuhusu vinywaji fulani vinavyotengenezwa huko, akasema: Ni vipi hivyo?, akasema: "Ni Bit'u na Mizru" akaulizwa Abuu Buraida: Bit'u ni nini? Akasema: Ni mvinyo wa Asali, na Mizru: Ni mvinyo wa ngano, akasema: "Kila kilevi ni haramu" Ameitoa Bukhari. Na ameitoa Muslim na tamko lake ni: Alisema: Alinituma Mtume rehema na amani ziwe juu yake mimi pamoja na Muadh kwenda Yemen, nikasema: Ewe Mjumbe wa Mwenyezi Mungu! Kuna vinywaji hutengenezwa huko katika nchi yetu vinaitwa: Mvinyo wa Mizru hutengenezwa kwa ngano, na kinywaji kingine huitwa: Bit'u hutengenezwa kwa Asali, akasema: "Kila chenye kulewesha ni haramu". Na katika riwaya nyingine ya Muslim: "Akasema: "Kila chenye kulewesha dhidi ya swala ni haramu". Na katika riwaya yake nyingine: "Na alikuwa Mtume rehema na amani ziwe juu yake kapewa maneno machache yenye kukusanya maana nyingi mwisho wake, akasema: Ninakataza kila kilevi chenye kulewesha dhidi ya swala".
Abu Burdah reported from his father Abu Mūsa al-Ash‘ari (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (ﷺ) had sent him to Yemen, and he asked him about certain drinks that used to be prepared there. He said: What are they? He said: "Al-Bit‘ and Al-Mizr?" It was said to Abu Burdah: What is Al-Bit‘? He said: An alcoholic drink made from honey, and Al-Mizr is an alcoholic drink made from barley. Thereupon, he said: "Every intoxicant is prohibited" [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri] Muslim narrated it with the following wording: He said: The Messenger of Allah sent me and Mu‘ādh to Yemen. I said: O Messenger of Allah, there is a drink made in our land called 'Al-Mizr' from barley and a drink called 'Al-Bit‘' from honey. He said: "Every intoxicant is prohibited." Another version by Muslim reads: "Thereupon, he said: Every intoxicant that detains one from prayer is forbidden." Another version by him reads: "The Messenger of Allah is gifted with the most eloquent and concise speech. He said: I forbid every intoxicant that keeps one away from prayer."
Mvinyo: Ni maji yanayotiwa tende ndani yake au Asali au Ngano na mfano wake; yakafyonza ladha na utamu, na wakati mwingine huenda yakapata kilevi baada ya hapo yakawa ni kilevi.
Hadithi hii ni kanuni katika kuharamisha aina zote za vilevi kama pombe na bangi na nyinginezo.
Umuhimu wa kuuliza yale anayoyahitajia Muislamu.
Ilikuwa mwanzo ilipoharamishwa pombe ni wakati swala inapoingia, pindi waliposwali baadhi ya watu waliohamia Madina na wakasoma wakachanganya ndani ya kisomo chao; ikateremka kauli yake: "Enyi mlio amini! Msiikaribia swala hali nyinyi mmelewa mpaka mjue mnachokisema" [An Nisaa: 43]. Na alikuwa muadhini wa Mtume rehema na amani ziwe juu yake akinadi: Msiikaribie swala hali yakuwa mmelewa. Kisha Mwenyezi Mungu akaiharamisha moja kwa moja kwa kauli yake: "Enyi mlio amini! Bila ya shaka ulevi na kamari, na kuabudu masanamu, na kupiga ramli ni uchafu katika kazi ya Shetani. Basi jiepusheni navyo, ili mpate kufanikiwa (90) Hakika Shetani anataka kutia kati yenu uadui na chuki kupitia ulevi na kamari, na akuzuieni kumkumbuka Mwenyezi Mungu na kusali. Basi je, mmeacha?" [Al-Maidah: 90,91].
Nikuwa Mwenyezi Mungu Mtukufu aliiharamisha pombe kulingana na madhara na maovu makubwa yaliyomo.
Kinachozingatiwa katika uharamu ni uwepo wa sifa ya kilevi; mvinyo ukisifika kwa sifa ya kilevi basi ni haramu, na usipokuwa na kilevi basi ni halali.